Participles & Ablative Absolute

Participles

• There are three different types of participles 
• One is called the Present Active Participle
• Another is called the Perfect Passive Participle
• The last is called the Future Active Participle

Present active participle (pap)

• How to form a PAP
• Start with the infinitive
• Take off the -re
• Add -ns, ntis
• Translated as "________ing"

PAP

• Here's an example of a PAP
• Start with the infinitive: Dare
• Take off the -re: Da
• Add -ns, ntis: Dans, Dantis
• Translated as "giving"

Perfect passive participle (ppp)

• How to form a PPP
• Start with the 4th principle part 
• Translated as "have _____ed"

PPP

• Here's an example of a PPP
• 4th principle part: Datus, -a, -um
• Translated as "have given"

future active participle (fap)

• How to form a FAP
• Start with 4th principle part
• Add a -ur before the us
• Translated as " about to ____" 

fap

• Here's an example of FAP
• Start with the 4th principle part: amatus
• Add -ur before us: amaturus
• Translated as "about to love" 

Ablative Absolute (aa)

• An ablative absolute is a participle with a noun in the ablative case
• It usually appears at the beginning of a sentence
• It describes the circumstance for the rest of the sentence
• The translation WILL NOT start with the participle OR the noun
• The translation will start with SWWAB: Since, When, While, After, Because

ablative absolute (AA)

• Here are some examples of ablative absolutes
• Latin: Vidente Corneliam Sexto, ad villam currit.
•  English: WHEN Sextus sees Cornelia, he runs to the house.
• As you can see, I used a SWWAB word before i translated the AA

ablative absolute

• Here's another example:
• Latin: Nuntio mittente epistulas, equum suum videt.
• English: WHEN the messenger is sending letters, he sees his horse.
• Again I used a SWWAB word before translating the AA